Future Tense

Singular Number -- Plural Number
1st Person -- I shall/will love -- We shall/will love
2nd person -- You will love -- You will love
3rd Person -- He will love -- They will love

Past Tense

Singular Number -- Plural Number
1st Person -- I loved -- We loved
2nd person -- You loved -- You loved
3rd Person -- He loved -- They loved

Present Tense

Singular Number -- Plural Number
1st Person -- I love -- We love
2nd person -- You love -- You love
3rd Person -- He loves -- They love

TENCES: INTRODUCTION

Read the following sentences:
1. I write this letter to please you.
2. I wrote the letter in his very presence.
3. I shall write another letter tomorrow.
In sentence 1, the Verb write refers to present time.
In sentence 2, the Verb wrote refers to past time.
In sentence 3, the Verb shall write refers to future time.
Thus a Verb may refer
(1) to present time,
(2) to past time, or
(3) to future time.
 A Verb that refers to present time is said to be in the Present Tense; as,
I write.
I love.
[The word tense comes from the Latin tempus, time.]

A Verb that refers to past time is said to be in the Past Tense; as,
I wrote,
I loved,
A Verb that refers to future time is said to be in the Future Tense
I shall write,
I shall love.
212. Thus there are three main Tenses -
The Present,
The Past,
The Future.
The Tense of a Verb shows the time of an action or event.
Note : Sometimes a past tense may refer to present time, and a present tense may express
future time, as:

THE PHRASE AND THE CLAUSE

Examine the group of words “in a corner”. It makes sense, but not complete sense.
Such a group of words, which makes sense, but not complete sense, is called a Phrase.
In the following sentences, the groups of words in italics are Phrases:
The sun rises in the east.
Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall.
There came a giant to my door.

It was a sunset of great beauty.
The tops of the mountains were covered with snow.
Show me how to do it.
7. Examine the groups of words in italics in the following sentences:
He has a chain of gold.
He has a chain which is made of gold.
We recognize the first group of words as a Phrase.
The second group of words, unlike the Phrase of gold, contains a Subject (which) and a
Predicate (is made of gold).
Such a group of words which forms part of a sentence, and contains a Subject and a
Predicate, is called a Clause.
In the following sentences, the groups of words in italics are Clauses:
People who pay their debts are trusted.
We cannot start while it is raining.
I think that, you have made a mistake.

Noun Clauses

Examine the groups of words in italics in the following sentences:-
1. I expect to get a prize. -- [Expect what?]
2. I expect that I shall get a prize.-- [Expect what?]
The first group of words, to get a prize, does not contain a Subject and a Predicate of its
own. It is therefore a phrase. This phrase is object of the verb expect and hence does the
work of a Noun. It is therefore a Noun Phrase.
The second group of words, that I shall get a prize, contains a Subject and a Predicate of
its own. It is therefore a clause. This Clause is the object of the verb expect and so does
the work of a Noun. We therefore call it a Noun Clause,
Now examine the sentence.
That you have come pleases me.
Here the Clause, That you have come, is the Subject of the verb pleases.
It therefore does the work of a Noun, and is what we call a Noun Clause.
Def :- A Noun Clause is a group of words which contains a Subject and a Predicate of its
own, and does the work of a Noun.

Adjective Clauses

Look at the groups of words in italics in the following sentences:-
1. The umbrella with a broken handle is mine. [Which umbrella?]
2. The umbrella which has a broken handle is mine. [Which umbrella?]
The first group of words, with a broken handle, describes the umbrella; that is, it qualifies
the noun umbrella, and does the work of an Adjective. It is what we call an Adjective
phrase.
The second group of words which has a broken handle, also describes the umbrella and
so does the work of an Adjective. But because it contains a Subject and a Predicate of its
own, it is called an Adjective Clause.
Defination:- An Adjective Clause is a group of words which contains a Subject and a Predicate
of its own, and does the work of an Adjective.